Analysis of Prehistoric Iconography with the R package iconr

Digital Archaeology seminar
28^th November 2022, University of Durham

Thomas Huet, Jose Pozo, Craig Alexander

This presentation is an introduction to computational archaeology

software 💿	semantic 🖼 📜 🔢
	logic >_ print(‘hello’)
hardware 💻

It is also about ancient iconography

Tanum outcrop, Scandinavia (credits: Wikipedia)

It introduces the R package iconr and gives example of study with this package

Magacela stelae, Spain (credits: Wikipedia)

Computational archaeology

• Users
• IDE
• Layouts
• Packages
• Resources

R is a scripting language for data science. It is the 1️⃣^st used by archaeologists, and the 18^th worldwide

- Tiobe index 2022 + Batist and Roe, 2022

RStudio is THE graphical interface for R, Rstudio is also in the cloud (RStudio.cloud), VS Code is a standalone source code editor multi-platforms and multi-languages

R markdown is a notebook interface for report generation, Shiny allows the development of web interactive applications, Quarto to create Powerpoint-like web interactive documents

The CRAN features 18,890 available packages. The package iconr uses 18 packages. The most distinctives are:

package	description
	magick for image manipulation
	igraph for graph theory and network analysis
	sf makes R a GIS
	Momocs for geometric morphometric methods

sthda.com has good tutorials, stackoverflow is probably the place where you will find the answer you need, if you need some open software for archaeology go to open-archaeo

Computer stack

The 🔝 popular web-platform for source code management and software development (with over 128 million public repositories)

Ancient iconography

Nature of iconographic data

Aspectivity & Analogism

• Aspectivity
• Analogism
• Examples

Aspectivity consists in representing all aspects and attributes of the subject simultaneously in order to establish a definition

---

Francfort, H.-P., Huth, C., Olmos, R., Szabó, M., & Verger, S. (2010). “Qu’est-ce que l’art protohistorique ?” Perspective. Actualité en histoire de l’art, (2), 195–214

The figurative purpose of the analogist ontology is to make present networks of correspondence between discontinuous elements

---

Descola, P. (2021). Les formes du visible. Une anthropologie de la figuration. Seuil.

Some figures of warrior chariots and characters from the Late Bronze Age (credits: https://www.adiantegalicia.es)

Statement of need

• Spatial proximities between the graphic units (GUs) are not precisely quantified. GUs are attached to sub-areas of the support

Statement of need

• Groupings are not self-explanatory and introduce a tedious number of groups and hinder their systematic analysis
• Spatial proximities between the graphic units (GUs) are not precisely quantified. GUs are attached to sub-areas of the support

Statement of need

• Relationships and similarities between these groups are often not self-explanatory and unquantified
• Groupings are not self-explanatory and introduce a tedious number of groups and hinder their systematic analysis
• Spatial proximities between the graphic units (GUs) are not precisely quantified. GUs are attached to sub-areas of the support

Statement of need

• Descriptive vocabularies and methods of analysis are site-dependent or period dependent
• Relationships and similarities between these groups are often not self-explanatory and unquantified
• Groupings are not self-explanatory and introduce a tedious number of groups and hinder their systematic analysis
• Spatial proximities between the graphic units (GUs) are not precisely quantified. GUs are attached to sub-areas of the support

Conceptual model

• Some objects have a decoration

Conceptual model

• A decoration is composed of GUs
• Some objects have a decoration

Conceptual model

• GUs can be modeled as POINTS or drawn as LINES or POLYGONS (2D)
• A decoration is composed of GUs
• Some objects have a decoration

Conceptual model

• Nodes have neighbourhood relations one with another depending on their spatial proximities (Voronoi Diagram)
• GUs are considered as nodes
• GUs can be modeled as POINTS or drawn as LINES or POLYGONS (2D)
• A decoration is composed of GUs
• Some objects have a decoration

Conceptual model

• Shape analysis and hierachical thesaurus can measure the similarities between two GUs (eg. Procrustes distance);
• A decoration is considered as a spatial graph, modeled with graph theory and analysed with network and spatial analysis
• Nodes have neighbourhood relations one with another depending on their spatial proximities (Voronoi Diagram)
• GUs are considered as nodes
• GUs can be modeled as POINTS or drawn as LINES or POLYGONS (2D)
• A decoration is composed of GUs
• Some objects have a decoration

Nodes

Main nodes

Separated GUs showing different graphical contents (anthropomorphic figure, spear, shield, comb and ingot)

Nodes

Shapes

Shape analysis allows GUs of a given type to be compared and classified

Nodes

Typology

Nodes

Typology

By generalisation (⬆️ the tree) or by specification (⬇️ the tree), this hierarchical structure allows comparison between GUs:

• of different types (ex: a sword with a spear)
• of different states of preservation (ex: a clearly identified horse with an unspecified quadrupede)

Nodes

Attribute nodes

Additional GUs characterising the main node (helmet, phalus)

Edges

• Normal
• Attribute
• Diachronic

—— = —— normal undirected edges between contiguous and contemporaneous main nodes a and b

	site	decor	a	b	type	xa	ya	xb	yb
24	Brozas	Brozas	1	2	=	354.1114	-123.3621	346.3455	-151.8371
25	Brozas	Brozas	3	1	=	279.0411	-162.1916	354.1114	-123.3621
26	Brozas	Brozas	3	2	=	279.0411	-162.1916	346.3455	-151.8371
27	Brozas	Brozas	4	1	=	211.7366	-206.1984	354.1114	-123.3621
28	Brozas	Brozas	4	3	=	211.7366	-206.1984	279.0411	-162.1916
29	Brozas	Brozas	1	5	=	354.1114	-123.3621	392.9409	-343.3959
30	Brozas	Brozas	2	5	=	346.3455	-151.8371	392.9409	-343.3959
31	Brozas	Brozas	3	5	=	279.0411	-162.1916	392.9409	-343.3959
32	Brozas	Brozas	4	5	=	211.7366	-206.1984	392.9409	-343.3959
33	Brozas	Brozas	5	6	=	392.9409	-343.3959	387.7636	-564.7240

edges list:

 [1] "bouclier-=-epee"   "bouclier-=-fibule" "bouclier-=-lance" 
 [4] "bouclier-=-miroir" "bouclier-=-peigne" "fibule-=-lance"   
 [7] "fibule-=-miroir"   "fibule-=-peigne"   "lance-=-miroir"   
[10] "lance-=-peigne"   

- - - + - - - attribute directed edges between contemporaneous nodes where the attribute node b is an attribute of main node a

site	decor	a	b	type	xa	ya	xb	yb
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	1	3	=	350.7279	-141.3279	289.7853	-183.1172
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	1	2	=	350.7279	-141.3279	428.2122	-172.6699
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	3	4	=	289.7853	-183.1172	285.4322	-207.4942
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	3	2	=	289.7853	-183.1172	428.2122	-172.6699
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	4	5	=	285.4322	-207.4942	290.6559	-310.2261
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	6	4	=	418.6354	-305.0025	285.4322	-207.4942
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	5	6	=	290.6559	-310.2261	418.6354	-305.0025
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	7	8	+	343.7630	-466.9358	261.9258	-433.8527
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	7	9	+	343.7630	-466.9358	258.4433	-486.0892
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	7	10	+	343.7630	-466.9358	342.9527	-434.1614
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	7	11	+	343.7630	-466.9358	344.2134	-510.2253
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	5	7	=	290.6559	-310.2261	343.7630	-466.9358
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	6	7	=	418.6354	-305.0025	343.7630	-466.9358
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	1	12	+	350.7279	-141.3279	377.1414	-163.5179

edges list:

 [1] "bouclier-=-chariot_char"   "bouclier-=-lance"         
 [3] "bouclier-=-personnage"     "casque-+-rivet"           
 [5] "casque-=-epee"             "casque-=-miroir"          
 [7] "chariot_char-+-cheval"     "chariot_char-+-cheval#"   
 [9] "chariot_char-+-roue"       "chariot_char-+-roue#"     
[11] "chariot_char-=-personnage" "epee-=-lance"             
[13] "epee-=-miroir"             "lance-=-personnage"       

—— > —— diachronic directed edges between non-contemporaneous nodes where the node a overlaps/is more recent than node b

site	decor	a	b	type	xa	ya	xb	yb
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	1	2	>	284.1056	-131.2344	351.6009	-191.5644
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	1	3	>	284.1056	-131.2344	345.0360	-296.6023
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	2	3	=	351.6009	-191.5644	345.0360	-296.6023
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	3	4	=	345.0360	-296.6023	367.3566	-420.6782

edges list:

[1] "bouclier-=-epee"     "bouclier-=-lance"    "ecriture->-bouclier"
[4] "ecriture->-lance"   

GIS entry

• Reference
• Scale
• Measures
• Nodes
• Edges

QGIS plugin: Freehand raster georeferencer

GIS entry

One GIS project = One decoration

1. Open a decoration image

2. Create a spatialized graph

Run R

Install and load packages

# install.packages("iconr")
# install.packages("sf")
# install.packages("dplyr")
# install.packages("knitr")
# install.packages("kableExtra")

library(iconr)
library(igraph)
library(sf)
library(dplyr)
library(knitr)
library(kableExtra)

Default data - images

• from R
• data

dataDir <- system.file("extdata", package = "iconr")
imgs_path <- paste0(dataDir, "/imgs.csv")
imgs <- read.table(imgs_path, sep = ";", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
kable(imgs, "html") %>% 
  kable_styling(full_width = FALSE, position = "center", font_size = 20)

idf	site	decor	img
1	Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	Cerro_Muriano.Cerro_Muriano_1.jpg
2	Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	Torrejon_Rubio.Torrejon_Rubio_1.jpg
3	Brozas	Brozas	Brozas.Brozas.jpg
4	Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	Zarza_de_Montanchez.Zarza_De_Montanchez.jpg
5	Ibahernando	Ibahernando	Ibahernando.Ibahernando.jpg

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

https://github.com/zoometh/iconr/blob/master/inst/extdata/imgs.tsv

Default data - nodes

• from R
• data

nodes_path <- paste0(dataDir, "/nodes.shp")
nodes.shp <- st_read(nodes_path, quiet = T)
nodes <- as.data.frame(nodes.shp)
kable(nodes, "html") %>% 
  kable_styling(full_width = FALSE, position = "center", font_size = 20)

site	decor	id	type	x	y	geometry
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	1	personnage	349.8148	-298.3244	POINT (349.8148 -298.3244)
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	2	casque	349.8148	-243.9851	POINT (349.8148 -243.9851)
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	3	lance	238.4637	-298.3244	POINT (238.4637 -298.3244)
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	4	bouclier	446.0222	-381.1697	POINT (446.0222 -381.1697)
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	5	peigne	283.0041	-358.0086	POINT (283.0041 -358.0086)
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	7	sexe_masculin	342.6884	-427.4917	POINT (342.6884 -427.4917)
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	8	lingot_pdb	451.1489	-237.4782	POINT (451.1489 -237.4782)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	1	chariot_char	306.3033	-177.1217	POINT (306.3033 -177.1217)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	2	bouclier	374.5779	-347.8082	POINT (374.5779 -347.8082)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	3	arc	221.6166	-303.8236	POINT (221.6166 -303.8236)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	4	miroir	211.7693	-458.0980	POINT (211.7693 -458.098)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	5	fibule	490.1195	-513.2428	POINT (490.1195 -513.2428)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	6	epee	366.7001	-563.1358	POINT (366.7001 -563.1358)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	7	lance	298.4255	-607.7769	POINT (298.4255 -607.7769)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	8	cheval	251.1585	-141.6715	POINT (251.1585 -141.6715)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	9	cheval	256.4103	-209.9461	POINT (256.4103 -209.9461)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	10	roue	364.5141	-138.7608	POINT (364.5141 -138.7608)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	11	roue	363.6435	-209.2802	POINT (363.6435 -209.2802)
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	12	fleche	185.5875	-312.4591	POINT (185.5875 -312.4591)
Brozas	Brozas	1	lance	354.1114	-123.3621	POINT (354.1114 -123.3621)
Brozas	Brozas	2	peigne	346.3455	-151.8371	POINT (346.3455 -151.8371)
Brozas	Brozas	3	fibule	279.0411	-162.1916	POINT (279.0411 -162.1916)
Brozas	Brozas	4	miroir	211.7366	-206.1984	POINT (211.7366 -206.1984)
Brozas	Brozas	5	bouclier	392.9409	-343.3959	POINT (392.9409 -343.3959)
Brozas	Brozas	6	epee	387.7636	-564.7240	POINT (387.7636 -564.724)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	1	casque	350.7279	-141.3279	POINT (350.7279 -141.3279)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	2	miroir	428.2122	-172.6699	POINT (428.2122 -172.6699)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	3	epee	289.7853	-183.1172	POINT (289.7853 -183.1172)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	4	lance	285.4322	-207.4942	POINT (285.4322 -207.4942)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	5	bouclier	290.6559	-310.2261	POINT (290.6559 -310.2261)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	6	personnage	418.6354	-305.0025	POINT (418.6354 -305.0025)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	7	chariot_char	343.7630	-466.9358	POINT (343.763 -466.9358)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	8	cheval	261.9258	-433.8527	POINT (261.9258 -433.8527)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	9	cheval	258.4433	-486.0892	POINT (258.4433 -486.0892)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	10	roue	342.9527	-434.1614	POINT (342.9527 -434.1614)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	11	roue	344.2134	-510.2253	POINT (344.2134 -510.2253)
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	12	rivet	377.1414	-163.5179	POINT (377.1414 -163.5179)
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	1	ecriture	284.1056	-131.2344	POINT (284.1056 -131.2344)
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	2	lance	351.6009	-191.5644	POINT (351.6009 -191.5644)
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	3	bouclier	345.0360	-296.6023	POINT (345.036 -296.6023)
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	4	epee	367.3566	-420.6782	POINT (367.3566 -420.6782)

https://github.com/zoometh/iconr/blob/master/inst/extdata/nodes.tsv

Default data - edges

• from R
• data

edges_path <- paste0(dataDir, "/edges.shp")
edges.shp <- st_read(edges_path, quiet = T)
edges <- as.data.frame(edges.shp)
kable(edges, "html") %>% 
  kable_styling(full_width = FALSE, position = "center", font_size = 20)

site	decor	a	b	type	geometry
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	1	4	=	LINESTRING (349.8148 -298.3...
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	1	5	=	LINESTRING (283.0041 -358.0...
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	3	5	=	LINESTRING (283.0041 -358.0...
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	1	2	+	LINESTRING (349.8148 -298.3...
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	1	7	+	LINESTRING (349.8148 -298.3...
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	3	1	=	LINESTRING (238.4637 -298.3...
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	1	8	=	LINESTRING (349.8148 -298.3...
Cerro Muriano	Cerro Muriano 1	4	8	=	LINESTRING (451.1489 -237.4...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	6	5	=	LINESTRING (366 -563, 490 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	4	2	=	LINESTRING (211 -458, 374 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	6	7	=	LINESTRING (366 -563, 298 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	1	2	=	LINESTRING (306 -177, 374 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	1	8	+	LINESTRING (306 -177, 251 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	1	9	+	LINESTRING (256 -209, 306 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	2	3	=	LINESTRING (374 -347, 221 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	3	1	=	LINESTRING (221 -303, 306 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	3	4	=	LINESTRING (221 -303, 211 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	2	5	=	LINESTRING (374 -347, 490 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	2	6	=	LINESTRING (374 -347, 366 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	6	4	=	LINESTRING (366 -563, 211 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	3	12	+	LINESTRING (221 -303, 185 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	1	10	+	LINESTRING (306 -177, 364 -...
Torrejon Rubio	Torrejon Rubio 1	1	11	+	LINESTRING (306 -177, 363 -...
Brozas	Brozas	1	2	=	LINESTRING (354.1114 -123.3...
Brozas	Brozas	3	1	=	LINESTRING (279.0411 -162.1...
Brozas	Brozas	3	2	=	LINESTRING (279.0411 -162.1...
Brozas	Brozas	4	1	=	LINESTRING (211.7366 -206.1...
Brozas	Brozas	4	3	=	LINESTRING (211.7366 -206.1...
Brozas	Brozas	1	5	=	LINESTRING (354.1114 -123.3...
Brozas	Brozas	2	5	=	LINESTRING (346.3455 -151.8...
Brozas	Brozas	3	5	=	LINESTRING (279.0411 -162.1...
Brozas	Brozas	4	5	=	LINESTRING (211.7366 -206.1...
Brozas	Brozas	5	6	=	LINESTRING (392.9409 -343.3...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	1	3	=	LINESTRING (350.7279 -141.3...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	1	2	=	LINESTRING (350.7279 -141.3...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	3	4	=	LINESTRING (289.7853 -183.1...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	3	2	=	LINESTRING (289.7853 -183.1...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	4	5	=	LINESTRING (285.4322 -207.4...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	6	4	=	LINESTRING (418.6354 -305.0...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	5	6	=	LINESTRING (290.6559 -310.2...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	7	8	+	LINESTRING (343.763 -466.93...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	7	9	+	LINESTRING (343.763 -466.93...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	7	10	+	LINESTRING (343.763 -466.93...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	7	11	+	LINESTRING (343.763 -466.93...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	5	7	=	LINESTRING (290.6559 -310.2...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	6	7	=	LINESTRING (418.6354 -305.0...
Zarza de Montanchez	Zarza De Montanchez	1	12	+	LINESTRING (350.7279 -141.3...
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	1	2	>	LINESTRING (284.1056 -131.2...
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	1	3	>	LINESTRING (284.1056 -131.2...
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	2	3	=	LINESTRING (351.6009 -191.5...
Ibahernando	Ibahernando	3	4	=	LINESTRING (345.036 -296.60...

https://github.com/zoometh/iconr/blob/master/inst/extdata/edges.tsv

Functions

Plot the first graph of the iconr default dataset

dataDir <- system.file("extdata", package = "iconr")
imgs <- read.table(paste0(dataDir, "/imgs.csv"), sep = ";", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
nodes.shp <- st_read(paste0(dataDir, "/nodes.shp"), quiet = T)
nodes <- as.data.frame(nodes.shp)
edges.shp <- st_read(paste0(dataDir, "/edges.shp"), quiet = T)
edges <- as.data.frame(edges.shp)
lgrph <- list_dec(imgs, nodes, edges)
g <- lgrph[[1]]
plot(g)

Functions

Plot the first graph of the iconr default dataset

dataDir <- system.file("extdata", package = "iconr")
imgs <- read.table(paste0(dataDir, "/imgs.csv"), sep = ";", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
nodes.shp <- st_read(paste0(dataDir, "/nodes.shp"), quiet = T)
nodes <- as.data.frame(nodes.shp)
edges.shp <- st_read(paste0(dataDir, "/edges.shp"), quiet = T)
edges <- as.data.frame(edges.shp)
lgrph <- list_dec(imgs, nodes, edges)
g <- lgrph[[1]]
plot(g)

Functions

class(g)

[1] "igraph"

Functions

g$site

[1] "Cerro Muriano"

Functions

g$decor

[1] "Cerro Muriano 1"

Functions

named_elements(g, focus = "edges", nd.var = "type")

[1] "bouclier-=-personnage"      "peigne-=-personnage"       
[3] "lance-=-peigne"             "personnage-+-casque"       
[5] "personnage-+-sexe_masculin" "lance-=-personnage"        
[7] "lingot_pdb-=-personnage"    "bouclier-=-lingot_pdb"     

Functions

nodes <- read_nds(g$site, g$decor, dataDir)
edges <- read_eds(g$site, g$decor, dataDir)
plot_dec_grph(nodes = nodes,
              edges = edges,
              imgs = imgs,
              site = g$site, 
              decor = g$decor, 
              dir = dataDir,
              nd.var = "type")

Functions

nodes <- read_nds(g$site, g$decor, dataDir)
edges <- read_eds(g$site, g$decor, dataDir)
plot_dec_grph(nodes = nodes,
              edges = edges,
              imgs = imgs,
              site = g$site, 
              decor = g$decor, 
              dir = dataDir,
              nd.var = "type",
              nd.size = degree(g)/2,
              lbl.size = 0.1)

Functions

dec.to.compare <- c(3, 4)
g.compar <- list_compar(lgrph, nd.var = "type")
plot_compar(listg = g.compar, 
            dec2comp = dec.to.compare,
            focus = "nodes",
            nd.size = c(0.5, 1.5),
            dir = dataDir) 

Functions

dec.to.compare <- c(3, 4)
g.compar <- list_compar(lgrph, nd.var = "type")
plot_compar(listg = g.compar, 
            dec2comp = dec.to.compare,
            focus = "edges",
            nd.size = c(0.5, 1.5),
            dir = dataDir) 

Functions

df.same_edges <- same_elements(lgrph, nd.var = "type", focus = "edges")
knitr::kable(df.same_edges, row.names = TRUE, escape = F, table.attr = "style='width:40%;'",
             caption = "Count of common edges between decorations") %>%
  column_spec(1, bold=TRUE) %>%
  kableExtra::kable_styling(position = "center", font_size = 24)

Count of common edges between decorations

	1	2	3	4	5
1	8	0	1	2	0
2	0	15	3	7	1
3	1	3	10	1	2
4	2	7	1	14	1
5	0	1	2	1	4

Functions

Plot the Ibahernando stelae, GUs id

site <- decor <- "Ibahernando"
nds.df <- read_nds(site, decor, dataDir)
eds.df <- read_eds(site, decor, dataDir)
plot_dec_grph(nds.df, eds.df, imgs,
              site, decor, dataDir)

Functions

Plot the Ibahernando stelae, GUs type

site <- decor <- "Ibahernando"
nds.df <- read_nds(site, decor, dataDir)
eds.df <- read_eds(site, decor, dataDir)
plot_dec_grph(nds.df, eds.df, imgs,
              site, decor, dataDir,
              nd.var = "type")

Functions

Plot the Ibahernando stelae and remove the Latin writing GU (ecriture, id = 1) from the studied graph by selecting GUs contemporaneous to the sword (id = 4)

site <- decor <- "Ibahernando"
nds.df <- read_nds(site, decor, dataDir)
eds.df <- read_eds(site, decor, dataDir)
selected.nd <- 4
l_dec_df <- contemp_nds(nds.df, eds.df, selected.nd)
plot_dec_grph(l_dec_df$nodes, l_dec_df$edges, imgs,
              site, decor, dataDir,
              nd.var = "type")

Study

Dataset

• Sources
• Corpus

Díaz-Guardamino Uribe, M. (2010). Las estelas decoradas en la Prehistoria de la Península Ibérica (Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Servicio de Publicaciones)
url: https://eprints.ucm.es/11070/1/T32200.pdf

Variables (local)

Spatialized graph

Variables (local)

Types

Variables (local)

Maximum length (cm)

Variables (local)

Orientation (see thesaurus)

Variables (local)

Technology (pecked, incised, painted, etc.)

Variables (local)

Completness

Variables (local)

Betweenness centrality

Variables (local)

Closeness centrality

Variables (local)

Domination

Variables (local)

Cultural attribution

Variables (local)

Chronological attribution

Descriptive statistics - domination

Descriptive statistics - lengths

Descriptive statistics - orientations

• By stelae (selected types)
• By type (selected types)

Variables (global)

Variables (global)

Variables (global)

Exploratory statistics

• Distance matrix
• Foios vs Ategua
• Clustering

Thank
you!